Global pledges to curb greenhouse gas emissions remain far short of what is needed to avert dangerous climate change, the United Nations has warned, urging the world's largest economies to take the lead in cutting emissions and accelerating green investment.

A 74% median across nine middle-income countries say global climate change is affecting their area, with droughts or water shortages a top concern.

UN predicts global emissions will drop by 2035—but the cuts fall far short of climate goals. COP30 will test global leaders' next move.

On Nov. 4, the UN Environment Programme published its Emissions Gap Report for 2025, subtitled "Off Target," measuring progress toward goals to curb emissions worldwide and slow rising temperatures.

The Emissions Gap Report 2025 reveals that says that global temperatures are on track to exceed the most ambitious end of the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement.

Since World Weather Attribution was founded in 2014, it has published more than 100 studies that quickly link the impact of global warming to heat waves, drought, wildfires and storms. It has found that other damaging storms, like Hurricane Helene and Milton last year, were more intense and devastating because of climate change.

The rise of global temperatures has slowed only slightly over the past year and poses possible climate risks and damage, according to a U.N. assessment.

Global assets in climate-related funds hit $644bn, with transition funds shining. Europe leads, while UK updates entry-level transition finance guidance.