The system ground return, or GND, symbol is often taken for granted when drawing schematics. GND symbols are placed all over the schematic with the assumption that the different GNDs will all be at ...

Demand for voltage-controlled current sources (VCCSs) and multipliers in a wide spectrum of electronics and communication devices always seems to exist. The multipliers employed in circuits like the ...

I see techs in the field get the most frustrated when they have a low-voltage short they can’t seem to locate. The challenge techs face with low voltage diagnosis is a combination of poor process and ...

A version of Part 1 appeared in the Dec. 2011/Jan. 2012 issue of Test & Measurement World. See the PDF. In January 1979, Electronic Test published an article claiming that a single test circuit that ...

In a balanced op-amp circuit, the op-amp inputs see equal impedances looking into the circuit. Balanced circuits provide better performance by cancelling some input errors and have a simple R F /R I ...

The recommended maximum total voltage drop on branch-circuit conductors is ____%. Article 210 outlines the requirements for branch circuits. Branch-circuit rating rules are covered in Part II of this ...