Assertions bring immediate benefits to the entire design and verification cycle. To use assertions effectively in the verification cycle, they need to be exercised for checking legal design behavior ...

In the last issue we started following a packet's journey from the wire up to the higher levels of network stack processing. We left the packet at the end of layer 3 processing, where IP has ...

The harmonious operation of the various networking devices in a LAN requires correct and valid configuration of the protocols and applications that are enabled in ...

In the world of Linux networking, protocols play a crucial role in enabling seamless communication between devices. Whether you're browsing the internet, streaming videos, or troubleshooting network ...

In the last RTFM we saw how IP packets are transmitted across the network. Here, we tackle Ethernet and see how packets are encapsulated and used. To explain fully the way in which IP packets are used ...

The purpose of the network layer is to help route messages between different local networks. Central to this layer is the concept of exclusive network addresses, where every terminal connected to the ...

The communications technology of the public Internet, local area networks (LANs) and most wide area networks (WANs). The Internet Protocol (IP) is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, and the terms "IP ...

The Transport Level Security (TLS) protocol is one of the few rock-steady spots in the rapidly changing computing industry, but that’s about to change as quantum computers threaten traditional ...